Pinpointing the minimum and maximum transient noise bandwidth for a transient noise simulation is a non-trivial task. But these algorithms can help ease the challenge and ...

If we replace the potentiometer VR1 with an AC signal plus DC bias signal in any of the previous Figures 3 to 17, the voltage controlled attenuators can become an amplitude modulator circuit instead.

Modulation is fundamental to electronic communications. The modulating signal might be analog in nature (voice or music) or digital bit streams. Most modern communication systems are digital, using ...

Modern oscilloscopes capture, view, measure, and analyze complex RF signals in the time, frequency, and modulation domains. Time-domain analysis, the original oscilloscope function, allows users to ...

Lock-in amplifiers were invented in the 1930s [1, 2, 3] and commercialized [4] in the mid 20 th century as electrical instruments that are capable of extracting signal amplitudes and phases in ...

Modern society is definitely more mobile than it was several decades ago. Accompanying the increased mobility is a corresponding craving for greater quantities of information. The increased demand has ...

This article discusses the various control mechanisms for MEMS Coriolis Vibratory Gyroscopes (CVG), and how they can be applied with the commercial off-the-shelf HF2LI Lock-in Amplifier. A MEMS ...

Last month we looked at contributions to the art made by amateur operators, in particular advancements in Amplitude Modulation, or AM, and how it came to give radio its voice. This month, we will look ...