If you work with computers sooner or later you’re going to find you need an image that is in a raster (AKA bitmap) format (e.g. .gif, .jpg, .wmf) translated to a vector format (e.g. .svg, .cgm, .dwg).

You don't. In general, whenever you need to go from raster to vector you have to do it by hand. I'd guess that there isn't a program to take bitmap fonts and convert them to TrueType without some, or ...