Several bacteria from the Clostridium genus produce botulinum neurotoxins—the most potent biological toxins known—that cause botulism by blocking neurotransmitter release from nerves. Typically, the ...

The toxin complex with its 14 components. The toxin itself is colored pink and sits at the top of the complex. The structure consists of tens of thousands of atoms, and here we only show the surface ...

The use of toxin botulinum-A is one of the most rapidly growing areas in cosmetic dermatology. There is always news about this incredible substance. There are new indications, new techniques, and new ...

Local injections of botulinum toxin type A have been used to treat essential head tremor but have not been extensively studied in randomized trials. In a multicenter, double-blind, randomized trial, ...