Ocean warming may lead to an increase in the biomass of species at the bottom of the food web, such as algae and cyanobacteria, but a decrease in the species that feed on those primary producers.

Macroscopic ecosystem properties, such as major material pathways and community biomass structure, underlie the ecosystem services on which humans rely. While ecologists have long sought to identify ...

Born in food web ecology, the concept of trophic levels -- the hierarchy of who eats who in the natural world -- is an elegant way to understand how biomass and energy move through a natural system.