Science is messy business. Finding the truth is easier said than done.

How trees fare under drought depends heavily on their past experiences. In some cases, adversity breeds resilience: Spruce trees that experience long-term droughts are more resistant to future ...

Stan Boutin has climbed more than 5,000 spruce trees in the last 30 years. He has often returned to the forest floor knowing if a ball of twigs and moss within the tree contained newborn red squirrel ...

In the forests of Finnish Lapland, beneath which some gold is known to lie underground, scientists have found something unexpected happening above the soil. Inside the needles of Norway spruce trees, ...

Anywhere else in the world, more trees would be a blessing. But in the far north of Alaska, they’re a reckoning. As the Arctic warms up to four times as fast as the rest of the planet, white spruce ...

In the Thuringian Forest or the Harz Mountains, dead spruce trees (Picea abies) dot the landscape like skeletons. Many have already fallen or been cut down. These dead trees serve as memorials to the ...